国内团队：食物选择或与肠道致病共生菌扩张相关
- ①23位素食和23位杂食者清肠后进行肠镜检测，5-7天后收集其粪便样本，利用新一代测序技术分析粪便菌群组成，16位参与者提供图像饮食记录供营养评估；
- ②两组的粪便菌群丰富度、α多样性和β多样性都无显著区别；
- ③杂食者中少量的潜在致病共生菌更多，素食者中潜在益生菌更多；
- ④植物和动物来源蛋白可能相反地调节致病共生菌嗜胆菌属和Lachnoclostridium，但多重比较校正后无统计学差异；
- ⑤食物选择或与肠道致病共生菌扩张相关。
主编推荐语
饮食模式和食物选择与肠道致病菌的扩张以及代谢和结肠疾病的风险有关。台湾中兴大学的黄菁英团队在Microbiology spectrum发表文章，发现肠道清洁后，杂食者和素食者体内的潜在致病菌和益生菌分别增加。植物性和动物性蛋白质来源对致病共生菌——嗜胆菌属和Lachnoclostridium有相反的调节作用。从临床角度来看，这可能预示代谢和结肠疾病风险的粪便致病菌可通过饮食干预进行调节。
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延伸阅读本研究的原文信息和链接出处，以及相关解读和评论文章。欢迎读者朋友们推荐！
Dietary Plant and Animal Protein Sources Oppositely Modulate Fecal and in Vegetarians and Omnivores
膳食植物和动物蛋白质来源对素食和杂食者粪便中的嗜胆菌和Lachnoclostridium有相反的调节作用
10.1128/spectrum.02047-21
2022-03-14, Article
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The food we eat not only nourishes our bodies but also provides nutrients to the bacteria living in our guts. Gut bacterial communities are known to be affected by many factors, including diet and bowel cleansing, but the impacts of vegetarian and omnivore diets on fecal bacterial composition are still uncertain. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial compositions of fecal samples from vegetarians and omnivores 5 to 7 days after bowel cleansing, and we correlated specific dietary constituents with the relative abundances of specialized fecal bacteria. A total of 46 participants (23 vegetarians and 23 omnivores) were recruited. All participants underwent standard bowel cleansing before colonoscopy screening. Fecal samples were collected from each participant 5 to 7 days after bowel cleansing, and the fecal microbiota compositions were analyzed with next-generation sequencing. Sixteen participants also provided an image-based dietary record for nutritional assessment. No major differences between dietary groups were observed in terms of fecal bacterial richness, alpha diversity, or beta diversity. A minority of potential pathobionts tended to be elevated in omnivores compared to vegetarians, whereas potential probiotic species tended to be higher in the vegetarians. Detailed dietary assessments further revealed that the plant- and animal-derived proteins may oppositely modulate the relative abundances of pathobionts Bilophila and Lachnoclostridium. However, these results were not statistically significant after multiple-comparison correction. These results suggest that specialized probiotic and pathobiont microbiota constituents are sensitive to the plant- or animal-derived dietary components ingested by vegetarians and omnivores after bowel cleansing. Dietary pattern and food choice are associated with expansion of gut pathobionts and risk for metabolic and colonic disease. However, the effects of dietary interventions on intestinal microbiota remain unclear. After bowel cleansing, potential pathobionts and probiotic bacteria were increased in omnivores and vegetarians, respectively. The pathobionts Bilophila and Lachnoclostridium were oppositely modulated by dietary animal and plant protein. From a clinical perspective, fecal pathobionts that may indicate risk for metabolic and colonic disease can potentially be modulated with dietary interventions.
First Authors:
Ya-Ting Wu
Correspondence Authors:
Ching-Ying Huang
All Authors:
Ya-Ting Wu,Shou-Ju Shen,Kuan-Fu Liao,Ching-Ying Huang
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