Nature Reviews：含糖饮料如何危害人类健康（综述）
- ①前瞻性队列研究和临床试验为含糖饮料与体重增加及相关慢性病（如2型糖尿病、冠心病和脂肪肝）风险的因果关系提供了强有力证据；
- ②含糖饮料通过额外增加能量摄入、葡萄糖快速吸收引起高胰岛素血症以及多巴胺能奖赏系统激活等途径，促进体重增加；
- ③含糖饮料通过体重增加、不良血糖反应引发的各种危险因素的发展以及过量果糖在肝脏中的代谢，增加慢性疾病风险；
- ④需要加强政策努力，以减少含糖饮料的摄入量以及肥胖和慢性病的全球负担。
主编推荐语
近期发表于Nature Reviews Endocrinology的一篇综述概述了含糖饮料在肥胖流行中的作用，介绍了含糖饮料的全球摄入趋势，含糖饮料与肥胖、2型糖尿病、心血管疾病及相关癌症的关联性流行病学证据，以及证据的强度。此外，介绍了相关生物学机制、替代饮料选择和限糖政策。
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The role of sugar-sweetened beverages in the global epidemics of obesity and chronic diseases
含糖饮料在全球肥胖和慢性疾病流行中的作用
10.1038/s41574-021-00627-6
2022-01-21, Review
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Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major source of added sugars in the diet. A robust body of evidence has linked habitual intake of SSBs with weight gain and a higher risk (compared with infrequent SSB consumption) of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and some cancers, which makes these beverages a clear target for policy and regulatory actions. This Review provides an update on the evidence linking SSBs to obesity, cardiometabolic outcomes and related cancers, as well as methods to grade the strength of nutritional research. We discuss potential biological mechanisms by which constituent sugars can contribute to these outcomes. We also consider global trends in intake, alternative beverages (including artificially-sweetened beverages) and policy strategies targeting SSBs that have been implemented in different settings. Strong evidence from cohort studies on clinical outcomes and clinical trials assessing cardiometabolic risk factors supports an aetiological role of SSBs in relation to weight gain and cardiometabolic diseases. Many populations show high levels of SSB consumption and in low-income and middle-income countries, increased consumption patterns are associated with urbanization and economic growth. As such, more intensified policy efforts are needed to reduce intake of SSBs and the global burden of obesity and chronic diseases.
First Authors:
Vasanti S Malik
Correspondence Authors:
Vasanti S Malik,Frank B Hu
All Authors:
Vasanti S Malik,Frank B Hu
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