国内团队：胞外囊泡miRNAs与肠道菌群互作助力结肠炎研究
- ①相比对照，结肠炎EV（胞外囊泡）中miR-181b-5p和miR-200b-3p等miRNAs显著上调；
- ②miR-200b-3p可与多种细菌互作，直接调控菌群组成，促进肠道屏障的完整和稳态维持；
- ③正常粪便中的细菌膜囊泡（BMV）可恢复肠道菌群组成和肠道屏障，缓解结肠炎，且经miR-200b-3p处理后，其肠道中的BMV有类似作用；
- ④miR-181b-5p移植抑制巨噬细胞的M1极化而促进M2极化，抑制慢性结肠炎急性期和缓解期的炎症，表明miR-181b-5p的作用需依赖M2巨噬细胞的活化。
主编推荐语
EVs（细胞外囊泡）是细胞-细胞和细胞-微生物通信的重要参与者。宿主来源的EV和细菌衍生的OMVs（膜囊泡）均有助于肠道内的稳态。然而，结肠炎中的EV-miRNAs和MVs在宿主-微生物互作中的作用尚不清楚。近期Gut Microbes发表的一项研究揭示了结肠炎中EV-miRNAs的变化以及探究了其中miR-200b-3p、miR-181b-5p的作用和潜在机制，该工作阐明了结肠炎中基于EVs的宿主-微生物相互作用机制，为结肠炎的治疗提供新思路。
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Extracellular vesicle miRNAs promote the intestinal microenvironment by interacting with microbes in colitis
结肠炎中的胞外囊泡miRNAs通过与微生物互作改变肠道微环境
10.1080/19490976.2022.2128604
2022-09-29, Article
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease with no cure. Disruption of the microbial ecosystem is considered to be an important cause of IBD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vital participants in cell–cell and cell-organism communication. Both host-derived EVs and bacteria-derived membrane vesicles (OMVs) contribute to homeostasis in the intestine. However, the roles of EVs-miRNAs and MVs in host-microbe interactions in colitis remain unclear. In the present study, the animal model of colitis was established by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to investigate the changes of miRNAs in colonic EVs from colitis. Several miRNAs were significantly altered in colitis EVs. miR-181b-5p transplantation inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and promoted M2 polarization to reduce the levels of inflammation both in acute and remission of chronic colitis. miR-200b-3p could interact with bacteria and regulate the composition of the microbiota, which contributed to intestinal barrier integrity and homeostasis. Notably, MVs from normal feces could effectively reverse the composition of the intestinal microbiota, restore the intestinal barrier and rescue colitis, and BMVs from colitis would also have similar effects after miR-200b-3p treatment. Our results preliminarily identify a vesicle-based host‐microbe interaction cycle in colitis and provide new ideas for colitis treatment.
First Authors:
Qichen Shen
Correspondence Authors:
Yingping Xiao,Yuanxiang Jin
All Authors:
Qichen Shen,Zhuizui Huang,Lingyan Ma,Jiachen Yao,Ting Luo,Yao Zhao,Yingping Xiao,Yuanxiang Jin
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