以菌群为中心的干预：免疫肿瘤学的下一个突破？（综述）
- ①肿瘤学家需要指导方针，在免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）治疗前应对抗生素和质子泵抑制剂（PPI）的使用；
- ②菌群可参与免疫监视，不同细菌具有不同免疫激活潜能，部分细菌可强化肠上皮细胞健康；
- ③肠道菌群可调节多种功能，包括肠上皮屏障重编程、免疫反应、抗原性、代谢等；
- ④需新的诊断工具及药代动力学工具来表征以菌群为中心的干预措施（MCI）；
- ⑤可将ICI与MCI结合，后者包括粪菌移植、益生菌、益生元、食疗等方式。
主编推荐语
肠道生态系统影响抗癌免疫反应基调和免疫治疗的临床效益，抗生素的使用会削弱免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）的效力，而粪便微生物移植可恢复对ICI耐药的黑色素瘤反应性。最新发表在Cancer Discovery的综述回顾了在抗癌治疗期间，肠道菌群在肠道屏障、代谢和局部/系统性免疫反应中的作用。
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延伸阅读本研究的原文信息和链接出处，以及相关解读和评论文章。欢迎读者朋友们推荐！
Microbiota-Centered Interventions: The Next Breakthrough in Immuno-Oncology?
以菌群为中心的干预：免疫肿瘤学的下一个突破？
10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-0236
2021-08-16, Review
Abstract & Authors:展开
Abstract:收起
The cancer-immune dialogue subject to immuno-oncological intervention is profoundly influenced by microenvironmental factors. Indeed, the mucosal microbiota-and more specifically, the intestinal ecosystem-influences the tone of anticancer immune responses and the clinical benefit of immunotherapy. Antibiotics blunt the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and fecal microbial transplantation may restore responsiveness of ICI-resistant melanoma. Here, we review the yin and yang of intestinal bacteria at the crossroads between the intestinal barrier, metabolism, and local or systemic immune responses during anticancer therapies. We discuss diagnostic tools to identify gut dysbiosis and the future prospects of microbiota-based therapeutic interventions. SIGNIFICANCE: Given the recent proof of concept of the potential efficacy of fecal microbial transplantation in patients with melanoma primarily resistant to PD-1 blockade, it is timely to discuss how and why antibiotics compromise the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, describe the balance between beneficial and harmful microbial species in play during therapies, and introduce the potential for microbiota-centered interventions for the future of immuno-oncology.
First Authors:
Lisa Derosa
Correspondence Authors:
Lisa Derosa,Laurence Zitvogel
All Authors:
Lisa Derosa,Bertrand Routy,Antoine Desilets,Romain Daillère,Safae Terrisse,Guido Kroemer,Laurence Zitvogel
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