妊娠期高血压或和孕妇膳食模式相关
- ①纳入55139名丹麦出生队列中的孕妇，妊娠期高血压（GH）、子痫前期（PE）及严重PE的患病率分别为14%、2%和0.4%；
- ②共观察到7种膳食模式，其中海鲜饮食（多摄入海鲜和蔬菜）是GH和PE的保护因素；
- ③西方饮食模式（多摄入土豆、肉类、奶油和面包）是GH和PE的危险因素；
- ④以上关联在孕前BMI在18.5到24.9kg/m2之间的女性更为明显，其余饮食模式未观察到和妊娠期相关高血压（PAH）的关联；
- ⑤应该建议备孕及妊娠期女性关注并改善自身膳食模式。
主编推荐语
近期的研究发现，多摄入海鲜和蔬菜的膳食模式对预防孕妇妊娠期相关高血压疾病是保护因素，而西式饮食模式则是危险因素。该研究给孕产妇健康饮食指导提供了依据，期待有针对中国人群的相关研究。
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Dietary patterns and the risk of pregnancy-associated hypertension in the Danish National Birth Cohort: a prospective longitudinal study
膳食模式和妊娠相关高血压的关系：基于丹麦国家前瞻性出生队列的研究
10.1111/1471-0528.15593
2019-01-24, Article
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between mid-pregnancy dietary patterns and pregnancy-associated hypertension (PAH).
DESIGN: A prospective longitudinal cohort study.
SETTING: Denmark.
POPULATION: About 55 139 Danish women with single enrolments and recorded food frequency questionnaire dates with complete information on dietary intake.
METHODS: Women were eligible if they could speak Danish and were planning to carry to term. Diet was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative 360-item food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gestational hypertension (GH) and pre-eclampsia (PE).
RESULTS: Disease prevalence was 14% for GH (5491/39 362); 2% for PE (1168/54 778), and 0.4% for severe PE (234/55 086). Seven dietary patterns were characterised in the population, of which two were associated with PAH. The Seafood diet characterised by high consumption of fish and vegetables was inversely associated with the odds of developing GH [odds ratio (OR) 0.86; 95% CI 0.77-0.95) and PE (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.65-0.97). The Western diet characterised by high consumption of potatoes (including French fries), mixed meat, margarine and white bread increased the odds of developing GH (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.05-1.33) and PE (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.11-1.76). No association was seen with severe PE.
CONCLUSIONS: We found protective associations of Seafood diet and harmful associations of Western diet with PAH. Dietary interventions encouraging the reduction of Western diet may contribute to a decrease of PAH.
First Authors:
E Ikem
Correspondence Authors:
E Ikem
All Authors:
E Ikem,T I Halldorsson,B E Birgisdóttir,M A Rasmussen,S F Olsen,E Maslova
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