协和医学院等：菊粉改善大鼠肠道菌群缓解糖尿病
- ①使用2型糖尿病（T2D）大鼠模型，评估菊粉治疗（ 3g菊粉产品/kg体重/天）的效果；
- ②菊粉治疗可降低T2D大鼠的空腹血糖水平，减轻葡萄糖耐受不良和血脂异常，提高GLP-1水平，降低血清和附睾脂肪组织中IL-6水平，减少肝脏中Pepck和G6pc表达；
- ③T2D大鼠肠道菌群失调，而菊粉治疗可使菌群构成正常化，显著增加乳杆菌属、生成SCFA的毛螺菌科、考拉杆菌属和拟杆菌属，减少产生LPS的脱硫弧菌属；
- ④毛螺菌科丰度与葡萄糖负荷后的血糖反应呈负相关。
主编推荐语
2型糖尿病（T2D）与肠道菌群失调有关，菊粉可促进GLP-1分泌改善血糖代谢。这一过程中菊粉是否改善了肠道菌群？近期协和医学院、山西人民医院、农科院和平安高科共同完成的研究证实，菊粉干预可以使T2D模型大鼠的肠道菌群正常化，增加产短链脂肪酸等的有益菌，减少产生LPS等有害物的细菌。此外，其改善血糖的作用机制也涉及到肠-肝轴。推荐专业人士关注。
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延伸阅读本研究的原文信息和链接出处，以及相关解读和评论文章。欢迎读者朋友们推荐！
Inulin-type fructan improves diabetic phenotype and gut microbiota profiles in rats
菊糖型果聚糖改善大鼠的糖尿病表型和肠道菌群
10.7717/peerj.4446
2018-03-01, Article
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Background & Aims: Accumulating research has addressed the linkage between the changes to gut microbiota structure and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Inulin is one type of soluble dietary fiber that can alleviate T2D. As a prebiotic, inulin cannot be digested by humans, but rather is digested by probiotics. However, whether inulin treatment can benefit the entire gut bacteria community remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the differences in gut microbiota composition among diabetic, inulin-treated diabetic, normal control, and inulin-treated normal control rats.
Methods: A diabetic rat model was generated by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injections (HF/STZ). Inulin was orally administered to normal and diabetic rats. To determine the composition of the gut microbiota, fecal DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene 454 pyrosequencing were performed.
Results: We found that inulin treatment reduced fasting blood glucose levels and alleviated glucose intolerance and blood lipid panels in diabetic rats. Additionally, inulin treatment increased the serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level, reduced serum IL-6 level, Il6 expression in epididymal adipose tissue, and Pepck, G6pc expression in liver of diabetic rats. Pyrophosphate sequencing of the 16s V3–V4 region demonstrated an elevated proportion of Firmicutes and a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes at the phylogenetic level in diabetic rats compared to normal control rats. The characteristics of the gut microbiota in control and inulin-treated rats were similar. Inulin treatment can normalize the composition of the gut microbiota in diabetic rats. At the family and genus levels, probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria Lachnospiraceae, Phascolarctobacterium, and Bacteroides were found to be significantly more abundant in the inulin-treated diabetic group than in the non-treated diabetic group. In addition, inulin-treated rats had a lower abundance of Desulfovibrio, which produce lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The abundance of Lachnospiraceae was negatively correlated with the blood glucose response after a glucose load.
Conclusion: In summary, diabetic rats have different gut microbiota from control rats. Inulin treatment can alleviate gut microbiota dysbiosis in T2D model rats. Moreover, inulin treatment enhanced serum GLP-1 level to suppress IL-6 secretion and production and hepatic gluconeogenesis, resulted in moderation of insulin tolerance.
First Authors:
Qian Zhang,Hongyue Yu
Correspondence Authors:
Ling Hu,Xiaobing Yu
All Authors:
Qian Zhang,Hongyue Yu,Xinhua Xiao,Ling Hu,Fengjiao Xin,Xiaobing Yu
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